一，安装标识

1、 Installation identification

每个时代都有自己的特点。例如，在元代，藏画的收藏是由一个特殊的人选择的。大德四年间，“古代玉象牙成为轴心，桉树金碧继续被安装”。在明代，画作在画卷中加入了铅，有些还写在了线上。垂直轴有宽和窄的一面，有些还增加了诗歌。清代宫廷绘画的材料和技术形式都比明代更好。

Each era has its own characteristics. For example, in the Yuan Dynasty, the collection of Tibetan paintings was chosen by a special person. During the four years of Dade, ancient jade ivory became the axis, and eucalyptus trees and emerald continued to be installed. In the Ming Dynasty, lead was added to paintings, and some were even written online. The vertical axis has both wide and narrow sides, and some even add poetry. The materials and technical forms of palace painting in the Qing Dynasty were better than those in the Ming Dynasty.

二，印章识别

2、 Seal recognition

宋代的许多歌舞作品未加盖印章，有些盖有青铜和玉印章，并且印章上印有致密的印章和水上的樱花。封印由木头，象牙，铜，玉等制成。版画为模版和樱花代。使用了石印。明代的石印章很常见，雕刻方法使用“锤头式”。清代油樱所使用的印章大多为印章形状，其字体和字体也多种多样。油墨颜色是油性的。绘画中衣服和生活用具的标识冠在不同的年龄通常会有所不同，并且生活用具也有所不同，可以被识别。

Many song and dance works of the Song Dynasty were not stamped, some were stamped with bronze and jade seals, and the seals were printed with dense seals and cherry blossoms on the water. Seals are made of wood, ivory, copper, jade, etc. Printmaking is a template and cherry blossom representation. Stone seals were used. The stone seals of the Ming Dynasty were very common, and the carving method used was "hammer head style". The seals used by the Qing Dynasty oil cherry blossoms were mostly in the shape of seals, and their fonts were also diverse. The ink color is oily. The identification crown of clothes and household utensils in painting usually varies at different ages, and household utensils also vary and can be recognized.

三，职称鉴定

3、 Professional title appraisal

这些问题分为三类：作者的头衔，当代的问题和后代的问题。标题是增加书画的价值。但是，通常会出现带有错误问题的真实绘画或带有真实问题的伪造绘画，应仔细识别。特别是，艺术家更容易被假书法题字吸引。

These issues can be divided into three categories: author titles, contemporary issues, and future issues. The title is to increase the value of calligraphy and painting. However, genuine paintings with incorrect issues or forged paintings with genuine issues often appear and should be carefully identified. Especially, artists are more easily attracted to fake calligraphy inscriptions.

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