Pen and ink is the mood of the author's creation, and pen and ink is the language of the work. Let's introduce some small knowledge about "pen and ink" in the acquisition of celebrity calligraphy and painting, which is also convenient for you to know more about paintings when you buy.

笔墨可以反映出书画的时代气息，个人风格， 鉴定一件作品，要熟悉作品的时代气息，进而了解作者的生活年代，活动场所， 然后研究作者不同年代不同的风格，这些知识有些是一定要掌握的，有些是可以灵活推理，毕竟书画历史悠久，名家辈出， 存世量巨大，任何鉴定家不可能涉足书画之全部。

Pen and ink can reflect the flavor of the times and personal style of calligraphy and painting. To identify a work, we should first be familiar with the flavor of the times of the work, then understand the author's life age and activity place, and then study the author's different styles in different ages. Some of these knowledge must be mastered, and some can be deduced flexibly. After all, Chinese calligraphy and painting has a long history and a large number of famous artists, There is a huge amount in the world, and any appraiser can't get involved in all of Chinese calligraphy and painting.

作品的时代气息，是证实作者生活年代，活动场所的前提。我们知道，在书画发展史上，同一个时代，不同的地域，都活跃着不同的书画流派，所以，当熟悉了作品的时代气息，就可以深入分割研究不同地域的不同流派，二者前后融会贯通，从而达到鉴定的真的目的。笔墨是鉴定书画时代气息的法宝，也是鉴定的必经之路，鉴定书画时代气息需要以笔墨入手。

The time flavor of the work is the premise to confirm the author's living age and activity place. We know that in the development history of Chinese calligraphy and painting, different calligraphy and painting schools are active in the same era and different regions. Therefore, when you are familiar with the flavor of the times of the works, you can deeply divide and study different schools in different regions, and the two are integrated before and after, so as to achieve the real purpose of identification. Pen and ink is not only the magic weapon to identify the flavor of the times of calligraphy and painting, but also the only way to identify the flavor of the times of calligraphy and painting. To identify the flavor of the times of calligraphy and painting, we need to start with pen and ink.

作者的个人风格，是很复杂的一个过程。每个书画家在不同的年代，会出现不同的个人风格。如果把某个书画家某个时期的风格，作为鉴定这个书画家作品真伪的依据，那就大错特错，容易进入鉴定的误区，出现误判！当然，在没有完全熟悉书画家不同年代的风格时，可以先找自己熟悉的那一段风格，采取灵活推理的方式进行分析，推理不是凭空想像，而是对笔墨的探索，缘由，理解。

The author's personal style is a very complex process. Each calligrapher and painter will have different personal styles in different times. If the style of a calligrapher and painter in a certain period is used as the basis for identifying the authenticity of the calligrapher and painter's works, it will be a big mistake. It is easy to enter the misunderstanding of identification and misjudge! Of course, if you are not completely familiar with the styles of calligraphers and painters in different years, you can first find the style you are familiar with and analyze it by flexible reasoning. Reasoning is not imagination out of thin air, but the exploration, reason and understanding of pen and ink.

每一幅画作都是作者的心血，画作中都含有作者创作这幅画的心境，感情，生活环境等等，希望在名人字画收购的时候可以帮助到大家。

Each painting is the author's painstaking efforts. The painting contains the author's mood, feelings, living environment and so on. I hope it can help you when buying celebrity calligraphy and painting.